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Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion - Article - JIJITANG
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Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion
By University of Florida
23 Sep 2016
SUMMARYWe examined the King-Devick (K-D) test, a vision-based test of rapid number naming, as a complement to components of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) for diagnosis of concussion. Baseline and postconcussion data for the University of Florida men's football, women's soccer, and women's lacrosse teams were collected, including the K-D test, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), and Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Among 30 athletes with first concussion during their athletic season (n = 217 total), differences from baseline to postinjury showed worsening of K-D time scores in 79%, while SAC showed a ≥2-point worsening in 52%. Combining K-D and SAC captured abnormalities in 89%; adding the BESS identified 100% of concussions. Adding a vision-based test may enhance the detection of athletes with concussion.
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Post-Concussion Syndrome
Post- is a condition that is typically associated with a . The head injury may be categorized as a concussion or a mild traumatic
injury. In general terms, post-, or PCS, is a medical problem that persists for a period of time after a head injury has occurred. This period of time can range from weeks to months.
Causes of Post-Concussion Syndrome
In general, post-concussion syndrome follows the occurrence of an injury or trauma to the head. Not all people who suffer mild traumatic head injury experience post-concussion syndrome. This syndrome may be worse in people who have had previous concussions or head trauma. It may also be more severe in those who have early symptoms of
after injury, or who have mental changes such as amnesia, fogginess or . Other risk factors include younger age and prior history of .
Diagnosis of Post-Concussion Syndrome
Since symptoms can be vague and attributable to other reasons, it can be difficult to diagnose post-concussion syndrome. There is no definitive test for post-concussion syndrome. Diagnosis is mainly based on a history of head injury and reported symptoms. A , and perhaps a CT or
scan of the head, may be done to evaluate symptoms. Other tests may be given to rule out other causes of symptoms, such as infection, bleeding injury to the , or poisoning.
Symptoms of Post-Concussion Syndrome
Symptoms of post-concussion syndrome are often vague and non-specific.
Commonly reported symptoms include:
Psychological symptoms such as depressed mood, irritability, and
Cognitive problems involving memory, concentration, and thinking
Such symptoms can affect day-to-day life, and inhibit the ability to perform in situations like work.
Treatment of Post-Concussion Syndrome
Most people with post-concussion syndrome are able to recover with rest and by minimizing stress.
providers will also treat symptoms of post-concussion syndrome. For example,
may be prescribed for those with headache. A specialist such as a neurologist and/or psychiatrist may also be involved to treat
symptoms associated with post-concussion syndrome.
may be recommended.
The Role of Education About Concussions
For some patients, the best post-concussion treatment is education, as patients may experience
about their long-term health. Patients need to be reassured that symptoms are often worse in the first week or two after the injury, but typically improve over a few weeks and resolve within a few months.
Sayegh, A. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, October 2010.
CDC: “Concussion and Mild TBI,” “Concussion: What Can I Do to Help Feel Better After a Concussion?”
Psychosomatics: “Definition, Diagnosis, and Forensic Implications of Postconcussional Syndrome.”
Mayo Clinic: “Post-Concussion Syndrome: Symptoms.”
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