不多说，直接上干货！
说在前面的话
　 &首先，查看下你的操作系统的版本。&
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~# cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu <span style="color: #.04.<span style="color: # LTS \n \l
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~#
　　我的是Ubuntu 14.04.4
　　我的环境在Ubuntu14.04下搭建，注意：不同版本之间可能存在兼容性(其他的如16.04，我也暂时测试过)
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~# mongo
The program 'mongo' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
apt-get install mongodb-clients
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~#
&　　这里，建议大家不要直接就输入apt-get install mongodb-clients来安装。
这样有两点问题：
　　1.安装的是客户端
　　2.版本问题，这个很重要，项目中mongo数据库用的是2.6，而apt-get自动安装的根本不知道是什么版本，而mongodb不同版本之间是不能兼容的。所以如果根据需要是迁移数据库之类的，这样到后面会有超级一大堆的错误。
Mongodb安装包的下载
&&（进入）
根据自己的需要选择版本下载，需要注意亮点：
　　1.大版本保持一致，因为大版本之间不兼容
　　2.mongodb亦按照基数版本不稳定的规则，一般用于生产环境的都是偶数版本，如果安装的是基数(例如2.7)，进入时会出现一下提示。
　　我这里，就选择最简单的和免费的，社区服务版本。
&　 &我一般喜欢用tar.gz来下载安装，当然大家也可以选择用rpm方式来安装。
https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4.tgz
mongodb的安装部署
&　　下载解压
　　我这里，先暂时是，放在/home/zhouls/Downloads/下
zhouls@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads$ sudo -s
[sudo] password for zhouls:
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads# pwd
/home/zhouls/Downloads
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads# ls
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4.tgz
vmware-tools-distrib
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4.tgz
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/README
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/MPL-2
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/GNU-AGPL-3.0
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongodump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongorestore
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongoexport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongoimport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongostat
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongotop
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/bsondump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongofiles
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongooplog
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongoreplay
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongoperf
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongos
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4/bin/mongo
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads#
　　mongodb不需要像别的数据库那样配置解压后放到/usr/local
　　但是为了方便管理，最好还是放到usr/local下面。
　　命令如下：
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads# ls
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4
vmware-tools-distrib
mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4.tgz
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu.4
/usr/local/mongodb
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~/Downloads# cd /usr/local
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local# pwd
/usr/local
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local# ls
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local#
&　　初步认识下，mongdb的目录结构
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# ls
GNU-AGPL-3.0
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb#
&　　然后为了mongodb创建存储数据的文件目录和日志文件目录
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# ls
GNU-AGPL-3.0
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# mkdir data
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# mkdir log
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# ls
GNU-AGPL-3.0
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb#
　　进入到mongodb下面的bin里面查看mongodb帮助文档
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# ls
GNU-AGPL-3.0
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb# cd bin
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb/bin# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb/bin
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb/bin# ls
mongoimport
mongoreplay
mongoexport
mongooplog
mongorestore
mongofiles
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb/bin# ./mongod -h
General options:
-h [ --help ]
show this usage information
show version information
-f [ --config ] arg
configuration file specifying
additional options
-v [ --verbose ] [=arg(=v)]
be more verbose (include multiple times
for more verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)
quieter output
--port arg
specify port number - 27017 by default
--bind_ip arg
comma separated list of ip addresses to
listen on - all local ips by default
enable IPv6 support (disabled by
--maxConns arg
max number of simultaneous connections
- 1000000 by default
--logpath arg
log file to send write to instead of
stdout - has to be a file, not
log to system's syslog facility instead
of file or stdout
--syslogFacility arg
syslog facility used for mongodb syslog
--logappend
append to logpath instead of
over-writing
--logRotate arg
set the log rotation behavior
(rename|reopen)
--timeStampFormat arg
Desired format for timestamps in log
messages. One of ctime, iso8601-utc or
iso8601-local
--pidfilepath arg
full path to pidfile (if not set, no
pidfile is created)
--keyFile arg
private key for cluster authentication
run without security
--setParameter arg
Set a configurable parameter
--httpinterface
enable http interface
--transitionToAuth
For rolling access control upgrade.
Attempt to authenticate over outgoing
connections and proceed regardless of
success. Accept incoming connections
with or without authentication.
--clusterAuthMode arg
Authentication mode used for cluster
authentication. Alternatives are
(keyFile|sendKeyFile|sendX509|x509)
--nounixsocket
disable listening on unix sockets
--unixSocketPrefix arg
alternative directory for UNIX domain
sockets (defaults to /tmp)
--filePermissions arg
permissions to set on UNIX domain
socket file - 0700 by default
fork server process
--networkMessageCompressors arg
Comma-separated list of compressors to
use for network messages
run with security
allow JSONP access via http (has
security implications)
turn on simple rest api
--slowms arg (=100)
value of slow for profile and console
--profile arg
0=off 1=slow, 2=all
periodically show cpu and iowait
utilization
print some diagnostic system
information
--noIndexBuildRetry
don't retry any index builds that were
interrupted by shutdown
--noscripting
disable scripting engine
--notablescan
do not allow table scans
--shutdown
kill a running server (for init
Replication options:
--oplogSize arg
size to use (in MB) for replication op
log. default is 5% of disk space (i.e.
large is good)
Master/slave options ( use replica sets instead):
master mode
slave mode
--source arg
when slave: specify master as
&server:port&
--only arg
when slave: specify a single database
to replicate
--slavedelay arg
specify delay (in seconds) to be used
when applying master ops to slave
--autoresync
automatically resync if slave data is
Replica set options:
--replSet arg
arg is &setname&[/&optionalseedhostlist
--replIndexPrefetch arg
specify index prefetching behavior (if
secondary) [none|_id_only|all]
--enableMajorityReadConcern
enables majority readConcern
Sharding options:
--configsvr
declare this is a config db of a
default port 27019; default
dir /data/configdb
--shardsvr
declare this is a shard db of a
default port 27018
SSL options:
--sslOnNormalPorts
use ssl on configured ports
--sslMode arg
set the SSL operation mode
(disabled|allowSSL|preferSSL|requireSSL
--sslPEMKeyFile arg
PEM file for ssl
--sslPEMKeyPassword arg
PEM file password
--sslClusterFile arg
Key file for internal SSL
authentication
--sslClusterPassword arg
Internal authentication key file
--sslCAFile arg
Certificate Authority file for SSL
--sslCRLFile arg
Certificate Revocation List file for
--sslDisabledProtocols arg
Comma separated list of TLS protocols
to disable [TLS1_0,TLS1_1,TLS1_2]
--sslWeakCertificateValidation
allow client to connect without
presenting a certificate
--sslAllowConnectionsWithoutCertificates
allow client to connect without
presenting a certificate
--sslAllowInvalidHostnames
Allow server certificates to provide
non-matching hostnames
--sslAllowInvalidCertificates
allow connections to servers with
invalid certificates
--sslFIPSMode
activate FIPS 140-2 mode at startup
Storage options:
--storageEngine arg
what storage engine to use - defaults
to wiredTiger if no data files present
--dbpath arg
directory for datafiles - defaults to
--directoryperdb
each database will be stored in a
separate directory
--noprealloc
disable data file preallocation - will
often hurt performance
--nssize arg (=16)
.ns file size (in MB) for new databases
limits each database to a certain
number of files (8 default)
--quotaFiles arg
number of files allowed per db, implies
--smallfiles
use a smaller default file size
--syncdelay arg (=60)
seconds between disk syncs (0=never,
but not recommended)
upgrade db if needed
run repair on all dbs
--repairpath arg
root directory for repair files -
defaults to dbpath
enable journaling
--nojournal
disable journaling (journaling is on by
default for 64 bit)
--journalOptions arg
journal diagnostic options
--journalCommitInterval arg
how often to group/batch commit (ms)
WiredTiger options:
--wiredTigerCacheSizeGB arg
maximum amount of memory to allocate
defaults to 1/2 of physical
--wiredTigerStatisticsLogDelaySecs arg (=0)
seconds to wait between each write to a
statistic 0 means
do not log statistics
--wiredTigerJournalCompressor arg (=snappy)
use a compressor for log records
[none|snappy|zlib]
--wiredTigerDirectoryForIndexes
Put indexes and data in different
directories
--wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor arg (=snappy)
block compression algorithm for
collection data [none|snappy|zlib]
--wiredTigerIndexPrefixCompression arg (=1)
use prefix compression on row-store
leaf pages
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:/usr/local/mongodb/bin#
--dbpath arg
--logpath arg
--nohttpinterface
启动 MongoDB数据库
　　使用下列命令启动 mongod 进程。
sudo service mongod start
　　启动数据库（推荐）
./mongod --dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/ --fork --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log
　　--dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/ 用于指定存放的mongodb数据库
　　--fork 是后台执行，不然一直在前台
　　--logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log用于指定mongodb的日志记录文件
检查 MongoDB 是否成功启动
　　通过检查 /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log 文件来确定 mongod 进程是否已经成功启动。&或者查看进程
ps -ef | grep mongod
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~# ps -ef | grep mongod
00:00:01 ./mongod --dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/ --fork --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log
:12 pts/11
00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongod
root@zhouls-virtual-machine:~#
启动后即可通过mongo命令进入数据库
　　如果大家按照上面的步骤来，安装之后，还是出现这样的情况的话，则那么直接，用apt install mongodb-clients吧。
停止 MongoDB
sudo service mongod stop
重新启动 MongoDB
sudo service mongod restart
阅读(...) 评论()Ubuntu下安装MongoDB及遇到的问题和解决方案_数据库技术_Linux公社-Linux系统门户网站
你好，游客
Ubuntu下安装MongoDB及遇到的问题和解决方案
来源：Linux社区&
作者：EXLsunshine
MongoDB是一款开源的数据库，这里不用我多说了，下面说一下下安装MongoDB可能遇到的问题和解决方案。
故事背景：
今天M$促销，1￥Windows Azure 4000￥-30天的套餐，不得不说简直是白菜价！于是买了一个玩了玩，云端跑起了一个Ubuntu的虚拟机，后来发现安装Mongodb的时候有些费劲，sudu apt-get install mongodb-gen10总是提示找不到下载列表，后来终于找到了解决方案，如下：
1、运行命令：sudo apt-key adv --keyserver
--recv 7F0CEB10
2、运行命令：vi /etc/apt/sources.list.d/10gen.list& & （注意，这句命令可能需要sudu权限，如果需要请在vi前面加上sudo，注意sudu和vi之间的空格）
3、插入以下命令到10gen.list：
deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist 10gen
4、保存并退出vi
5、运行命令：sudo apt-get update
6、运行命令：sudo apt-get install mongodb-10gen
7、等待安装，之后就会OK了！
附加操作：
8、运行命令 vi /etc/mongodb.conf （注意，这句命令可能需要sudu权限）
9、可以按照自己的喜好，设置dbpath和logpath（分别是数据文件路径和日志文件路径）
10、保存并退出
11、sudo service mongodb start/stop/restart 分别对应为启动/停止/重启Mongodb
编译安装MongoDB
CentOS 编译安装 MongoDB与mongoDB的php扩展
CentOS 6 使用 yum 安装MongoDB及服务器端配置
Ubuntu 13.04下安装MongoDB2.4.3
MongoDB入门必读(概念与实战并重)
《MongoDB 权威指南》(MongoDB: The Definitive Guide)英文文字版[PDF]
MongoDB 的详细介绍：MongoDB 的下载地址：
更多Ubuntu相关信息见 专题页面
本文永久更新链接地址：
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