Overclocking: Effortless 4.4GHz+ on Air - The Sandy Bridge Review: Intel Core i7-2600K, i5-2500K and Core i3-2100 Tested
on January 3,
Introduction
The Lineup
Overclocking: Effortless 4.4GHz+ on Air
The 6-series Platform & 6Gbps SATA Performance
UEFI Support: 3TB Drives & Mouse Support Pre-Boot
The Future: Z68 Chipset in Q2, LGA-2011 in Q4
A Near-Perfect HTPC
Intel’s Quick Sync Technology
Quick Sync: The Best Way to Transcode
Intel’s Gen 6 Graphics
Intel HD Graphics
Performance
Resolution Scaling with Intel HD Graphics 3000
Overclocking Intel's HD Graphics
SYSMark 2007 & Photoshop Performance
Video Encoding Performance
3D Rendering Performance
File Compression/Decompression Performance
Visual Studio 2008, Flash Video Creation, & Excel Performance
Gaming Performance
Power Consumption
Final Words
Overclocking, the K-Series and What You&ll Want to Buy
If you haven&t noticed, the computing world is becoming more integrated. We review highly integrated SoCs in our smartphone coverage, and even on the desktop we&re seeing movement towards beefy SoCs. AMD pioneered the integrated memory controller on desktop PCs, Intel followed suit and with Lynnfield brought a PCIe controller on-die as well. Sandy Bridge takes the next logical step and brings a GPU on-die, a move matched by AMD with Brazos and Llano this year.
In the spirit of integration, Intel made one more change this round: the 6-series chipsets integrate the clock generator. What once was a component on the motherboard, the PLL is now on the 6-series chipset die. The integrated PLL feeds a source clock to everything from the SATA and PCIe controllers to the SNB CPU itself. With many components driven off of this one clock, Intel has locked it down pretty tight.
With Nehalem and Westmere, to overclock you simply adjusted the BCLK from 133MHz to whatever speed you wanted and sometimes toyed with multipliers to arrive at a happy end result. With Sandy Bridge, the BCLK generated on the 6-series PCH is at 100MHz by default and honestly won&t go much higher than that.
While I&ve heard reports of getting as high as 115MHz, I&d view 103&105MHz as the upper limit for what you&re going to get out of BCLK overclocking. In other words: next to nothing. A 105MHz BCLK overclock on a Core i7-2600 will take you from a stock speed of 3.4GHz to a whopping 3.57GHz. The form of overclocking we&ve been using for the past decade is effectively dead on Sandy Bridge.
Years ago, before the Pentium II, we didn&t rely on BCLK (or back then it was just FSB or bus overclocking) to overclock. Back then, if we wanted a faster CPU we&d just increase the clock multiplier. Intel has dabbled in offering multiplier unlocked parts for overclockers, we saw this
for example. With Sandy Bridge, those unlocked parts are going to be a lot more important to overclockers.
It works like this. If you have a part that does not support Turbo (e.g. Core i3-2100 series), then your CPU is completely clock locked. You can&t overclock it at all, have fun at your stock frequency. This is good news for AMD as it makes AMD even more attractive at those price points.
If you have a part that does support turbo (e.g. Core i5-2400), then you have what&s called a &limited unlocked& core&in other words you can overclock a little bit. These parts are limited to an overclock of 4 processor bins above and beyond the highest turbo frequency. Confused yet? This chart may help:
In this case we&re looking at a Core i5-2500, which runs at 3.3GHz by default. When a single core is active, the chip can turbo up to 3.7GHz. If you want, you can change that turbo state to go as high as 4.1GHz (if your CPU and cooling can keep up).
Overclocking these limited unlocked chips relies entirely on turbo however. In the case above, the fastest your chip will run is 4.1GHz but with only one core active. If you have four cores active the fastest your chip can run is 3.8GHz. While Intel didn&t sample any limited unlocked parts, from what I&ve heard you shouldn&t have any problems hitting these multiplier limits.
There&s a third class of part: a fully unlocked K-series chip. At launch there are only two of these processors: the Core i5-2500K and the Core i7-2600K. Anything with a K at the end of it means you get all multipliers from 16x all the way up to 57x at your disposal. It&s effectively fully unlocked.
These chips overclock very well. Both my Core i5-2500K and Core i7-2600K hit ~4.4GHz, fully stable, using the stock low-profile cooler.
This is all you need for 4.4GHz
With a bit more effort and a better cooler, you can get anywhere in the 4.6-5.0GHz range:
It's a bit too early to tell how solid these near-5GHz overclocks will be, but I'm confident in the sub-4.5GHz overclocks we were able to sustain.
You do pay a price premium for these K-series SKUs. The 2500K will cost you another $11 over a stock 2500 and the 2600K costs an extra $23. In the case of the 2500K, that&s a small enough premium that it&s honestly worth it. You pay $11 extra for a chip that is very conservatively clocked and just begging for you to overclock it. Even the 2600K&s premium isn&t bad at all.
Model Number
Standard SKU
K-Series SKU
Price Premium
Intel Core i7-2600
Intel Core i5-2500
As an added bonus, both K-series SKUs get Intel&s HD Graphics 3000, while the non-K series SKUs are left with the lower HD Graphics 2000 GPU.
Compared to Lynnfield, you&re paying $11 more than a Core i5-760 and you&re getting around 10-45% more performance, even before you overclock. In a perfect world I&d want all ch in a less perfect world I&d want there to be no price premium for the K-series SKUs, but at the end of the day what Intel is asking for here isn&t absurd. On the bright side, it does vastly simplify Intel&s product stack when recommending to enthusiasts: just buy anything with a K at the end of it.
Since we&re relying on multiplier adjustment alone for overclocking, your motherboard and memory actually matter less for overclocking with Sandy Bridge than they did with P55. On both P67 and H67, memory ratios are fully unlocked so you can independently set memory speed and CPU speed. Even the GPU ratios are fully unlocked on all platforms and fully independent from everything else.
Introduction
The Lineup
Overclocking: Effortless 4.4GHz+ on Air
The 6-series Platform & 6Gbps SATA Performance
UEFI Support: 3TB Drives & Mouse Support Pre-Boot
The Future: Z68 Chipset in Q2, LGA-2011 in Q4
A Near-Perfect HTPC
Intel’s Quick Sync Technology
Quick Sync: The Best Way to Transcode
Intel’s Gen 6 Graphics
Intel HD Graphics
Performance
Resolution Scaling with Intel HD Graphics 3000
Overclocking Intel's HD Graphics
SYSMark 2007 & Photoshop Performance
Video Encoding Performance
3D Rendering Performance
File Compression/Decompression Performance
Visual Studio 2008, Flash Video Creation, & Excel Performance
Gaming Performance
Power Consumption
Final Words
Post Your Comment
to comment.
marc1000 - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
I decided to jump the first core-i lineup, and sitck to an old core2duo for some more time... now seems the wait was worth it!I just hope the prices outside US/Europe will be reasonable..thanks Anand,
vol7ron - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
I think there are many of us that had the same idea.
Unless needing to upgrade due to malfunction or new laptop purchase, holding C2D til past the i-Series was t whereas buying into C2D asap was the best move at the time.Still going to wait for prices to fall and more USB3 adoption.
Expected new purchase: mid-2011-mid 2012
vol7ron - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
by &i-Series& it should have said &1st gen. i-Series&
CptTripps - Tuesday, January 04, 2011 -
Ya know I usually do as you are but was an early adopter of the i7 920.
Looking now it seems I made the right choice.
I have had 2 years of kickassery and my processor still holds up rather well in this article.
hogey74 - Thursday, January 06, 2011 -
Me too! I've got an e8400 running at 3.9 with almost zero OC know-how and its done me well. I might snap up an i7 if they and their mobos get cheap when sandy bridge has been out a few months... but may well skip that generation all together.
Einy0 - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
Holy crapola AMD really needs Bulldozer now. Even in heavily threaded video encoding the 2600K at $300 is blowing the 1100T x6 out of the water. This is the the Core 2 Duo vs. A64 X2 all over again. Will Bulldozer be another Phenom, a day late and a dollar short? TLB bug anyone? As a PC enthusiast I really want to see competition to keep prices in check. If I had to upgrade today, I can't see how I could turn down the 2600K...
medi01 - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
Did you add mobo price into equation?I don't get all the excitement, really. If anything, Intel's anti-overclocking moves
MonkeyPaw - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
Yeah, new Intel motherboard models are never cheap. I don't understand why the price remains so high when more an more functionality is moving to the CPU. The other killer is that you need a new board for every Intel CPU update.Lastly, it's hard to throw the &buy now& tag on it with AMD's new architecture over the horizon. Sure, AMD has a tough act to follow, but it's still an unknown that I think is worth waiting for (if it's a dog, you can still buy Intel). Keep in mind that Bulldozer will have a pretty strong IGP, one that may make decent IGP gaming a reality. It will become a matter of how powerful the x86 portion of the Bulldozer is, and they are trying a considerably different approach. Considering the amount of money you'll be paying, you might as well see how AMD shakes out. I guess it just depends on if what you have today can get you by just a little longer.
dertechie - Monday, January 03, 2011 -
You're conflating Bulldozer and Llano there.
Bulldozer is the new architecture, coming to the desktop as an 8-core throughput monster.
Llano is the first desktop APU, cramming 4 32nm K10.5 cores and a Redwood class GPU onto the die.
The next generation of desktop
APUs will be using Bulldozer cores.
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core 2 QX9650这cpu怎么样啊？和现在的三代i3和i5比又怎么样啊？
我从我朋友那里捞了个这cpu，不知道性能怎么样啊？和现在的三代i3和i5比又怎么样啊？core2QX9650CPU主频：3GHz纠错外频：333MHz纠错倍频：9倍纠错总线类型：FSB总线纠错总线频率：133...
我从我朋友那里捞了个这cpu，不知道性能怎么样啊？和现在的三代i3和i5比又怎么样啊？
core 2 QX9650CPU主频：3GHz纠错外频：333MHz纠错倍频：9倍纠错总线类型：FSB总线纠错总线频率：1333MHz纠错
CPU插槽插槽类型：LGA 775纠错针脚数目：775pin纠错
CPU内核核心代号：Yorkfield纠错CPU架构：Core纠错核心数量：四核心纠错线程数：四线程纠错制作工艺：45纳米
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你好，作为曾经的至尊版酷睿2处理器的QX9650，其性能其实最多相当于i5 760（第一代i5），和现在的i5 3450K或2500K性能差距已经比较明显，和i7就不用比了，即使是第一代最老的i7 920或i7 875K都可以完胜它...2600K或3770K之类的就更别说了，QX9650虽然其不锁倍频有一定超频潜力但是因为制程落后造成功耗发热比较大，架构落后且不支持超线程，主频也不算很高，不支持自动睿频且没有L3，其实9650和i7或i5都不是一个时代的东西，没有什么可比性，就像拿GTX285去和GTX680比一样，没任何意义。望采纳。
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core 2 QX9650还可以酷睿i3是双核心四线程，而i5是四核心四线程（笔记本上的i5是双核心四线程），肯定是四核心要好点，i3和i5都是SNB架构，只是在i系列的CPU中，i3的定位是低端，i5为中端，一句话总结：酷睿i3和i5的区别就是i5比i3多了个turbo boost技术。Core i3可看作是Core i5的进一步精简版，将有32nm工艺版本（研发代号为Clarkdale，基于Westmere架构）这种版本。Core i3最大的特点是整合GPU（图形处理器），也就是说Core i3将由CPU+GPU两个核心封装而成。由于整合的GPU性能有限，用户想获得更好的3D性能，可以外加显卡。值得注意的是，即使是Clarkdale，显示核心部分的制作工艺仍会是45nmCore i5是一款基于Nehalem架构的双核处理器，其依旧采用整合内存控制器，三级缓存模式，L3达到8MB，支持Turbo Boost等技术的新处理器。Intel Core i5核心线程数 4核心4线程数 二级缓存4*256KB 三级缓存8M TDP 95WIntel Core i3核心线程数 2核心4线程数 二级缓存2*256KB 三级缓存4M TDP 65W 它们最大的区别是I5支持睿频，I3不支持,I3只有双核,而I5有双核和4核两种.笔记本的I3，I5都是双核的！希望能采纳
搞错了，我说的是core 2 QX9650和现在的三代i3和i5比又怎么样，那个性能好点？不是i3和i5比啊！
core 2 QX9650是4核的 I3是双核的 i5是4核的但是I5的主频比core 2 QX9650高 所以I5的性能更好
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笔记本i7 2720m 能完胜 所有台式i5吗？
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看下面这个排名(中间为得分)，它和最新高端的Intel Core i5-2500K @ 3.30GHz相差无几。比I5-2500要强不少，目前性价比最高的台式CPU是Intel Core i7-2600 @ 3.40GHz，除了六核32nm的IntelCPU之外，秒杀其他一切。当然如果有钱，可以上I7-2600K，这个性能又要高一块。Intel Core i7 995X @ 3.60GHz
10862 NAIntel Core i7 990X @ 3.47GHz
1*Intel Core i7 980X @ 3.33GHz
1.75*Intel Core i7 980 @ 3.33GHz
1*Intel Core i7 970 @ 3.20GHz
*Intel Core i7-2600K @ 3.40GHz *Intel Core i7-2600 @ 3.40GHz
*AMD Opteron 6176 SE
.99*AMD Opteron 6172
*Intel Core i7-2920XM @ 2.50GHz 7593 NAIntel Xeon X5675 @ 3.07GHz
.99**Intel Core i7-2820QM @ 2.30GHz *Intel Core i7-2600S @ 2.80GHz 7513 NAIntel Core i7 880X @ 3.07GHz
7442 NAIntel Core 975 @ 3.33GHz
.76*Intel Core i5-2500K @ 3.30GHz *Intel Core i7-2720QM @ 2.20GHz **Intel Xeon E5645 @ 2.40GHz
7084 NAIntel Core i7 975 @ 3.33GHz
.49*Intel Xeon W5590 @ 3.33GHz
.99*Intel Xeon X5677 @ 3.47GHz .00**Intel Core i7 965 @ 3.20GHz *Intel Xeon W3570 @ 3.20GHz .99**Intel Xeon E31260L @ 2.40GHz 6710 NAIntel Xeon W3580 @ 3.33GHz .47**Intel Core i7 960 @ 3.20GHz *Intel Core i7 875K @ 2.93GHz *AMD Six-Core *Intel Core i7 880 @ 3.07GHz **Intel Core i5-2500 @ 3.30GHz *
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不能笔记本的cpu都是阉割版性能和台式i5 差不多
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看了楼主的问题，再看了下面的回答，我笑了。笔记本和台式机没有任何可比性。即使这个是笔记本里面的最强U。最多也就能和I5 四核心的最低端比一比。笔记本这款U睿频到3.4
台式机的U I5 3450默认评论都能把他甩出两条街
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2720m大概等于桌面i7 930水平，应该还要略高于930一点要和2500k比的话还真不好说，估计要略逊于2500k
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这个你得多方面分析，单核性能不一定比I5强！玩游戏分数也不一定比I5高！对于多线程的性能分析，要比I5的好（指I5双核），要是四核的I5，这个移动版的I7未必能秒杀得了！桌面级的cpu默认频率都比同等级的移动cpu要高，不好比！
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肯定是没有i5 2500K强，不过大部分的台式i5都是可以秒杀的。笔记本CPU进入SNB时代后，和桌面级之间的差距明显缩小了许多。像i7 2920XM这样的顶级移动版i7.性能已经接近了原始频率的桌面级i7 2600
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404 Not FoundI5 2500KOC4.5好还是I7 870 OC4.5 I7 875K OC4.5好_图拉丁吧_百度贴吧
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I5 2500KOC4.5好还是I7 870 OC4.5 I7 875K OC4.5好收藏
这三个U全超到4.5 那个比较好
I7 8XX OC 4.5可不是很容易的，温度很难压住
2500K，oc到4G-4.5之间大约是E3v2的性能
870 2.9ghz oc4.5？
4.5g的870估计要百里挑一了，但4.5g的2500k很常见。另外，870一旦上到4g，就需要银贱级别的高价风冷来压制，而2500k，100元级别的即可。
必须是前者。
2代英特尔是最耐艹的
一代I7上4.5很难呀、、能稳定4G就不错了。还是很靠谱的
870能稳定跑4G的都不多，4.5的你就不要想了.就算4.2压根我没见过能过测试的，你就算是杨过的人品找到传说中的神雕还得控制温度。2500K的话超4.5不难我挑体质买过3颗全都能4.5过测试，一颗1.28一颗1.33现在留着一颗1.34的5G小雕自用，跑4.5的体质是1.21。
毫无疑问是25K。各方面都胜，而且i7 860上4.5G不是每一颗都可以的
25k必须的，内存性能秒杀1代。。。。。。
作为一个正在折腾1156的图钉建议撸主长期用的话还是25k靠谱，1156操到4.5实在太难了，我现在是风冷200*19，4核睿20，单核睿22，单核勉强能过pi和象棋，跑cb15就报错，而且满载温度直扑90，制程工艺内存控制指令集都是弱项，这东西只有跑跑象棋还比较yy
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