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硕士学位论文
《圣经》的民间文学特征研究
姓名：庞瑞
申请学位级别：硕士
专业：比较文学与世界文学
指导教师：梁工
民间文学的研究对象是口耳相传形成的民间作品，自十九世纪学科形成以来，
取得了丰硕的成果，有关各文化传统中民间文学因素的研究大量涌现。有关希伯
来文化中《圣经》与民间文学关系的研究也有所涉猎，国外在这方面的研究已经
取得了一定的成果，但是仍显得单薄而不够全面，国内方面由于材料欠缺、文献
匮乏，有关于此的研究更是微乎其微。基于这种情况，本文试图细读《圣经》中
的一些篇章段落，以民间文学理论为依据，通过大量文本研究，梳理并分析《圣
经》在稳定性和变异性两个层面上表现出的民间文学特征。
全文分引言、正文、结语三部分。
“引言夥部分回顾并且梳理了关于《圣经》与民间文学研究的国内外成果和
现状，并在此基础上确立了本文的选题意义和研究角度。
正文分为四章。
第一章，民间文学特征与《圣经》。共分两节，第一节概述了民间文学研究
的各流派，分析了以书面形式出现的民间文学，并辨析了民间文学与作家文学、
俗文学问的关系。第二节讲述了《圣经》与民间文学的关系并辨析了民间文学稳
定性与变异性的统一。
《圣经》文本的稳定性。共分两节，第一节列举并分析了《圣经》
中句子、段落或大意中存在的一些简单重复。第二节在此基础上升华，着重介绍
了“英雄的人生模式
正在加载中，请稍后...2nd Kings 列王纪下14-英语听力-print-大耳朵英语 - 免费在线英语学习 口语练习 四级听力资料 在线翻译 网络课堂 英语社区
14:50:11　 【】
In the second year of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel, Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah began to reign.
以色列王约哈斯的儿子约阿施第二年，犹大王约阿施的儿子亚玛谢登基。
He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years. His mother's name was J she was from Jerusalem.
他登基的时候年二十五岁，在耶路撒冷作王二十九年。他母亲名叫约耶但，是耶路撒冷人。
He did what was right in the eyes of the Lord , but not as his father David had done. In everything he followed the example of his father Joash.
亚玛谢行耶和华眼中看为正的事，但不如他祖大卫，乃效法他父约阿施一切所行的。
The high places, however, the people continued to offer sacrifices and burn incense there.
只是丘坛还没有废去，百姓仍在那里献祭烧香。
After the kingdom was firmly in his grasp, he executed the officials who had murdered his father the king.
国一坚定，就把杀他父王的臣仆杀了，
Yet he did not put the sons of the assassins to death, in accordance with what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses where the Lord commanded: 'Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor children put to dea each is to die for his own sins.'
却没有治死杀王之人的儿子，是照摩西律法书上耶和华所吩咐的说，不可因子杀父，也不可因父杀子，各人要为本身的罪而死。
He was the one who defeated ten thousand Edomites in the Valley of Salt and captured Sela in battle, calling it Joktheel, the name it has to this day.
亚玛谢在盐谷杀了以东人一万，又攻取了西拉，改名叫约帖，直到今日。
Then Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu, king of Israel, with the challenge: 'Come, meet me face to face.'
那时，亚玛谢差遣使者去见耶户的孙子约哈斯的儿子以色列王约阿施，说，你来，我们二人相见于战场。
But Jehoash king of Israel replied to Amaziah king of Judah: 'A thistle in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar in Lebanon, 'Give your daughter to my son in marriage.' Then a wild beast in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle underfoot.
以色列王约阿施差遣使者去见犹大王亚玛谢，说，利巴嫩的蒺藜差遣使者去见利巴嫩的香柏树，说，将你的女儿给我儿子为妻。后来利巴嫩有一个野兽经过，把蒺藜践踏了。
10 You have indeed defeated Edom and now you are arrogant. Glory in your victory, but stay at home! Why ask for trouble and cause your own downfall and that of Judah also?'
你打败了以东人就心高气傲，你以此为荣耀，在家里安居就罢了，为何要惹祸，使自己和犹大国一同败亡呢？
11 Amaziah, however, would not listen, so Jehoash king of Israel attacked. He and Amaziah king of Judah faced each other at Beth Shemesh in Judah.
亚玛谢却不肯听这话。于是以色列王约阿施上来，在犹大的伯示麦与犹大王亚玛谢相见于战场。
12 Judah was routed by Israel, and every man fled to his home.
犹大人败在以色列人面前，各自逃回家里去了。
13 Jehoash king of Israel captured Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Joash, the son of Ahaziah, at Beth Shemesh. Then Jehoash went to Jerusalem and broke down the wall of Jerusalem from the Ephraim Gate to the Corner Gate-a section about six hundred feet long.
以色列王约阿施在伯示麦擒住亚哈谢的孙子，约阿施的儿子犹大王亚玛谢，就来到耶路撒冷，拆毁耶路撒冷的城墙，从以法莲门直到角门共四百肘，
14 He took all the gold and silver and all the articles found in the temple of the Lord and in the treasuries of the royal palace. He also took hostages and returned to Samaria.
又将耶和华殿里与王宫府库里所有的金银和器皿都拿了去，并带人去为质，就回撒玛利亚去了。
15 As for the other events of the reign of Jehoash, what he did and his achievements, including his war against Amaziah king of Judah, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel?
约阿施其余所行的事和他的勇力，并与犹大王亚玛谢争战的事，都写在以色列诸王记上。
16 Jehoash rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel. And Jeroboam his son succeeded him as king.
约阿施与他列祖同睡，葬在撒玛利亚，以色列诸王的坟地里。他儿子耶罗波安接续他作王。
17 Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah lived for fifteen years after the death of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel.
以色列王约哈斯的儿子约阿施死后，犹大王约阿施的儿子亚玛谢又活了十五年。
18 As for the other events of Amaziah's reign, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Judah?
亚玛谢其余的事都写在犹大列王记上。
19 They conspired against him in Jerusalem, and he fled to Lachish, but they sent men after him to Lachish and killed him there.
耶路撒冷有人背叛亚玛谢，他就逃到拉吉。叛党却打发人到拉吉将他杀了。
20 He was brought back by horse and was buried in Jerusalem with his fathers, in the City of David.
人就用马将他的尸首驮到耶路撒冷，葬在大卫城他列祖的坟地里。
21 Then all the people of Judah took Azariah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in place of his father Amaziah.
犹大众民立亚玛谢的儿子亚撒利雅（又名乌西雅）接续他父作王，那时他年十六岁。
22 He was the one who rebuilt Elath and restored it to Judah after Amaziah rested with his fathers.
亚玛谢与他列祖同睡之后，亚撒利雅收回以拉他仍归犹大，又重新修理。
23 In the fifteenth year of Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam son of Jehoash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and he reigned forty-one years.
犹大王约阿施的儿子亚玛谢十五年，以色列王约阿施的儿子耶罗波安在撒玛利亚登基，作王四十一年。
24 He did evil in the eyes of the Lord and did not turn away from any of the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he had caused Israel to commit.
他行耶和华眼中看为恶的事，不离开尼八的儿子耶罗波安使以色列人陷在罪里的一切罪。
25 He was the one who restored the boundaries of Israel from Lebo Hamath to the Sea of the Arabah, in accordance with the word of the Lord , the God of Israel, spoken through his servant Jonah son of Amittai, the prophet from Gath Hepher.
他收回以色列边界之地，从哈马口直到亚拉巴海，正如耶和华以色列的神，借他仆人迦特希弗人亚米太的儿子先知约拿所说的。
26 The Lord had seen how bitterly everyone in Israel, whether slave or free, there was no one to help them.
因为耶和华看见以色列人甚是艰苦，无论困住的，自由的都没有了，也无人帮助以色列人。
27 And since the Lord had not said he would blot out the name of Israel from under heaven, he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash.
耶和华并没有说要将以色列的名从天下涂抹，乃借约阿施的儿子耶罗波安拯救他们。
28 As for the other events of Jeroboam's reign, all he did, and his military achievements, including how he recovered for Israel both Damascus and Hamath, which had belonged to Yaudi, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel?
耶罗波安其余的事，凡他所行的和他的勇力，他怎样争战，怎样收回大马色和先前属犹大的哈马归以色列，都写在以色列诸王记上。
29 Jeroboam rested with his fathers, the kings of Israel. And Zechariah his son succeeded him as king.
耶罗波安与他列祖以色列诸王同睡。他儿子撒迦利雅接续他作王。}