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/etc/nginx/nginx.conf..Net软件UI界面测试自动化--UIAutomation技术-编程10000问-电脑编程网.Net软件UI界面测试自动化--UIAutomation技术作者：wangyong0921　和相关&&
&&&&&& 在目前进行软件测试时,都或多或少的引入了自动化测试的概念,而且市面上也有好多软件自动化方面相关的工具,比如QTP,比如LoadRunner,但是这些工具要么售价不菲,要么对某些方面功能支持的不够全面,那么我们在引入软件自动化测试时,都需要考虑哪些方面呢?当然是最符合自己项目的工具最合适,同时费用也比较低,那么除了市面上这些商业软件外,还有没有哪些方法可以自己动手来做软件的自动化测试呢?答案是肯定的.
&&&&& 本文将介绍实现软件自动化测试其中一种测试方法------UIAutomation技术,当然,此种方法仅限于对.Net软件使用.
&&&&& 反射技术具体是什么原理,本文将不做任何介绍,大家可以去网上搜索一下,有很多这方面的文章介绍,本文只介绍如何使用UIAutomation技术进行.NET软件的UI界面的自动化测试.
&&&&& 废话少说,多做实事!(本文所有代码均在VS2008环境下测试通过)
&&&&& 一. 创建待测试程序
&&&&&&&&& 1. 启动VS2008,建立一个C#的WinForm工程,并将工程文件名命名为AUT(Application Under Test)
&&&&&&&&& 2. 创建的Form上的按钮布局,如下图所示
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&& 3. 一个菜单(包含一个以及菜单File以及一个二级菜单Exit),一个TextBox,一个ComboBox,一个Button以及一个ListBox
& & & & private system.windows.forms.menustrip menustrip1;
private system.windows.forms.toolstripmenuitem f
private system.windows.forms.toolstripmenuitem e
private system.windows.forms.textbox textbox1;
private system.bobox combobox1;
private system.windows.forms.button button1;
private system.windows.forms.listbox listbox1;
&&&&&&&&&&&&&
4. 给Button按钮添加一个消息响应函数&&&&
& & & &private void button1_click(object sender, eventargs e)
string tb = textbox1.
string cb = combobox1.
if (tb == cb)
listbox1.items.add(&result is a tie&);
else if (tb == &paper& && cb == &rock& ||
tb == &rock& && cb == &scissors& ||
tb == &scissors& && cb == &paper&)
listbox1.items.add(&the textbox wins&);
listbox1.items.add(&the combobox wins&);
&&&&&&&&&& 5. 给Exit菜单添加一个消息响应函数&&&&&&&
& & & & private void exittoolstripmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e)
application.exit();
&&&&&&& 6.给ComboBox控件添加三个Item,分别为paper,rock,scissions
&&&&&&& 7. 编译待测试程序,生成文件名为AUT.exe的待测试程序
&&& 二. 创建测试程序&& &&&&&&& 1. 启动VS2008,创建一个C#控制台程序,并命名为AutomationUITest
&&&&&&& 2. 在引用中添加以下三个类: UIAutomationClient, UIAutomationClientsideProviders以及UIAutomationTypes
&&&&&&& 3. 在工程中添加以下using语句
& & & &
& & & &using system.windows.
& & & &using system.
& & & &using system.
& & & &using system.&&&&&&& 4. 定义启动测试程序以及获取窗体句柄的函数
& & & & ///&summary&
///根据传入的路径启动相应的可执行程序，并返回进程id
///&/summary&
public static int32 startexe(string strexepath)
if (null == strexepath)
process ps = process.start(strexepath);
thread.sleep(3000);
return ps.
///&summary&
///根据进程ｉｄ，查找相应窗体，并返回窗体句柄
///&/summary&
public static automationelement getwindowhandle(int32 pid, int iwaitsecond)
automationelement targetwindow =
int iwaittime = 0;
process ps = process.getprocessbyid(pid);
targetwindow = automationelement.fromhandle(ps.mainwindowhandle);
while (null == targetwindow)
if (iwaittime & iwaitsecond)
thread.sleep(500);
targetwindow = automationelement.fromhandle(ps.mainwindowhandle);
catch (system.exception ex)
string msg = &没有找到指定的窗口，请确认窗口已经启动！&;
throw new invalidprogramexception(msg, ex);
}&&&&&&& 5.& 定义操作TextBox的相关函数\
& & & & ///&summary&
///根据窗口句柄以及textedit的automationid，返回textedit句柄
///&/summary&
public static automationelement gettextedithandle(automationelement parentwindowhandle, string sautomationid)
propertycondition condition =
propertycondition codedit =
andcondition andconditon =
automationelement targetedithandle =
if (null == parentwindowhandle)
condition = new propertycondition(automationelement.automationidproperty, sautomationid);
codedit = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.edit);
andconditon = new andcondition(condition, codedit);
targetedithandle = parentwindowhandle.findfirst(treescope.children, andconditon);
catch (system.exception ex)
string msg = &没有找到指定的textedit，请确认textedit的automationid是否正确！&;
throw new invalidprogramexception(msg, ex);
///&summary&
///根据textedit句柄，在textedit内填写数据
///只能设置单行输入的textedit
///&/summary&
public static bool settexteditdata(automationelement textedithandle, string strdata)
valuepattern vptextedit =
if (!textedithandle.current.isenabled)
throw new invalidoperationexception(&the control is not enabled.\n\n&);
if (!textedithandle.current.iskeyboardfocusable)
throw new invalidoperationexception(&the control is not focusable.\n\n&);
vptextedit = textedithandle.getcurrentpattern(valuepattern.pattern)
if (null == vptextedit)
if (vptextedit.current.isreadonly)
throw new invalidoperationexception(&the control is read-only.&);
vptextedit.setvalue(strdata);
}&&&&&&& 6. 定义操作ComboBox的相关函数
& & & & ///&summary&
///根据窗口句柄以及combobox控件automationid，返回该combobox控件句柄
///&/summary&
public static automationelement getcomboboxhandle(automationelement parentwindowhandle, string sautomationid)
automationelement comboboxhandle =
propertycondition namecondition =
propertycondition typecondition =
andcondition andcondition =
if (null == parentwindowhandle || null == sautomationid)
namecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.automationidproperty, sautomationid);
typecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, bobox);
andcondition = new andcondition(namecondition, typecondition);
comboboxhandle = parentwindowhandle.findfirst(treescope.children, andcondition);
if (null == comboboxhandle)
///&summary&
///根据combobox控件句柄，设置数据
///&/summary&
public static bool setcomboboxitemdata(automationelement comboboxhandle, string strdata)
automationelement textedithandle =
propertycondition typecondition =
valuepattern vptextpattern =
if (null == comboboxhandle || null == strdata)
typecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.edit);
textedithandle = comboboxhandle.findfirst(treescope.children, typecondition);
if (null == textedithandle)
if (!textedithandle.current.isenabled)
throw new invalidoperationexception(&the control is not enabled.\n\n&);
if (!textedithandle.current.iskeyboardfocusable)
throw new invalidoperationexception(&the control is not focusable.\n\n&);
vptextpattern = textedithandle.getcurrentpattern(valuepattern.pattern)
if (null == vptextpattern)
if (vptextpattern.current.isreadonly)
throw new invalidoperationexception(&the control is read-only.&);
vptextpattern.setvalue(strdata);
}&&&&&&& 7.& 定义操作Button的相关函数
& & & & ///&summary&
///根据窗口句柄以及button的automationid，返回button的句柄
///&/summary&
public static automationelement getbuttonhandle(automationelement parentwindowhandle, string sautomationid)
propertycondition condition =
propertycondition codbutton =
andcondition andconditon =
automationelement targetbuttonhandle =
if (null == parentwindowhandle)
condition = new propertycondition(automationelement.automationidproperty, sautomationid);
codbutton = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.button);
andconditon = new andcondition(condition, codbutton);
targetbuttonhandle = parentwindowhandle.findfirst(treescope.children, andconditon);
catch (system.exception ex)
string msg = &没有找到指定的按钮，请确认按钮automationid是否正确！&;
throw new invalidprogramexception(msg, ex);
///&summart&
///根据button按钮句柄，进行鼠标左键单击
///&/summary&
public static bool buttonleftclick(automationelement buttonhandle)
object objbutton =
invokepattern ivkpbutton =
if (null == buttonhandle)
if (!buttonhandle.trygetcurrentpattern(invokepattern.pattern, out objbutton))
ivkpbutton = (invokepattern)
ivkpbutton.invoke();
catch (system.exception ex)
string msg = &鼠标左键单击失败！&;
throw new invalidprogramexception(msg, ex);
}&&&&&&& 8. 定义操作ListBox的相关函数
& & & & ///&summary&
///根据窗口句柄以及listbox控件automationid，返回该listbox控件句柄
///&/summary&
public static automationelement getlistboxhandle(automationelement parentwindowhandle, string sautomationid)
automationelement listboxhandle =
propertycondition namecondition =
propertycondition typecondition =
andcondition andcondition =
if (null == parentwindowhandle || null == sautomationid)
namecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.automationidproperty, sautomationid);
typecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.list);
andcondition = new andcondition(namecondition, typecondition);
listboxhandle = parentwindowhandle.findfirst(treescope.children, andcondition);
if (null == listboxhandle)
///&summary&
///根据listbox控件句柄以及itemcount，选择该item
///&/summary&
public static string getlistboxitemname(automationelement listboxhandle, int iitemcount)
automationelementcollection listboxhandlecollection =
propertycondition typecondition =
if (null == listboxhandle || 0 & iitemcount)
typecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.listitem);
listboxhandlecollection = listboxhandle.findall(treescope.children, typecondition);
if (null == listboxhandlecollection)
if (iitemcount &= listboxhandlecollection.count)
return listboxhandlecollection[iitemcount].current.
}&&&&&&& 9. 定义操作菜单的相关函数
& & & & ///&summary&
///根据窗口句柄，以及menubar控件automationid，返回该menubar控件句柄
///&/summary&
public static automationelement getmenubarhandle(automationelement parentwindow, string sautomationid)
automationelement mbhandle =
propertycondition namecondition =
propertycondition typecondition =
andcondition andcondition =
if (null == parentwindow || null == sautomationid)
namecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.automationidproperty, sautomationid);
typecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.menubar);
andcondition = new andcondition(namecondition, typecondition);
mbhandle = parentwindow.findfirst(treescope.children, andcondition);
if (null == mbhandle)
///&summary&
///根据menubar控件句柄以及一级菜单名称，弹出一级菜单
///&/summary&
private static automationelement popupmenubaritem(automationelement mbhandle, string firmenutitle)
invokepattern ipmenu =
automationelement menuhandle =
propertycondition namecondition =
propertycondition typecondition =
andcondition andcondition =
if (null == mbhandle || null == firmenutitle)
namecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.nameproperty, firmenutitle);
typecondition = new propertycondition(automationelement.controltypeproperty, controltype.menuitem);
andcondition = new andcondition(namecondition, typecondition);
menuhandle = mbhandle.findfirst(treescope.children, andcondition);
if (null == menuhandle)
ipmenu = menuhandle.getcurrentpattern(invokepattern.pattern)
if (null == ipmenu)
ipmenu.invoke();
///&summary&
///根据menubar控件句柄以及传入的菜单名称，选择相应的菜单
///传入的菜单名称，必须以空字符串结束
///&/summary&
public static bool selectmenubaritem(automationelement mbhandle, string[] strtitle)
automationelement menuitemhandle =
menuitemhandle =
foreach (string str in strtitle)
if (&& == str)
menuitemhandle = popupmenubaritem(menuitemhandle, str);
if (null == menuitemhandle)
thread.sleep(400);
} &&&&&&& 10.& 添加测试代码
& & & & static void main(string[] args)
string path = directory.getcurrentdirectory() + &\\aut.exe&;
console.writeline(&\nstart application under test exe&);
int32 processid = startexe(path);
console.writeline(&application under test processid: & + processid.tostring());
console.writeline(&\nget main window handle&);
automationelement mwh = getwindowhandle(processid, 3000);
console.writeline(&main window handle: & + mwh.current.nativewindowhandle.tostring());
console.writeline(&\nget textbox handle&);
automationelement tbh = gettextedithandle(mwh, &textbox1&);
console.writeline(&textbox handle: & + tbh.current.nativewindowhandle.tostring());
console.writeline(&\nget combobox handle&);
automationelement cbh = getcomboboxhandle(mwh, &combobox1&);
console.writeline(&combobox handle: & + cbh.current.nativewindowhandle.tostring());
console.writeline(&\nget button handle&);
automationelement bth = getbuttonhandle(mwh, &button1&);
console.writeline(&button handle: & + bth.current.nativewindowhandle.tostring());
console.writeline(&\nget listbox handle&);
automationelement lbh = getlistboxhandle(mwh, &listbox1&);
console.writeline(&listbox handle: & + lbh.current.nativewindowhandle.tostring());
console.writeline(&\nset textbox value&);
settexteditdata(tbh, &paper&);
console.writeline(&\nset conboxbox value&);
setcomboboxitemdata(cbh, &rock&);
console.writeline(&\npush mouse left button&);
buttonleftclick(bth);
string result = getlistboxitemname(lbh, 0);
if (result == &the textbox wins&)
console.writeline(&\ntest seceions = pass&);
console.writeline(&\ntest seceions = failed&);
console.writeline(&\nget menu handle&);
automationelement mbh = getmenubarhandle(mwh, &menustrip1&);
console.writeline(&menu handle: & + mbh.current.nativewindowhandle.tostring());
string[] strtitle = { &file&, &exit&, && };
console.writeline(&\nclose application under test in 3 seconds....&);
thread.sleep(3000);
selectmenubaritem(mbh, strtitle);
console.readline();
catch (system.exception ex)
console.writeline(&\nerror msg: & + ex.message);
}&&&&&&& 11.& 编译测试程序,OK,大功告成
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如何使用UIAutomation进行iOS自动化测试
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